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为了回答为什么要对大自然和遥远的后代负责,汉斯.约纳斯在其责任伦理学中进行了目的论和价值论论证,指出价值源于目的,负责任的根本原因在于大自然具有目的。他从三个角度对自然目的性进行了论证:人为事物的目的归根结底是人的目的,主体性存在者的目的则是属于生命体本身的,非人为而又非生命的事物的整体可称为前意识的自然界,它也是有目的的,因为它是主体性存在的土壤,其目的通过主体性的存在者表现出来。因此,整个大自然就是一个有目的的存在。
To answer the question of why he is responsible for the nature and the distant descendants, Hans Jonas conducts teleological and axiological arguments in his account of ethics of responsibility, pointing out that the root of value for purpose and responsibility lies in nature’s purpose . He demonstrates the natural purpose from three perspectives: the purpose of man-made things is the end of man’s purpose, the purpose of subjectivity exists belongs to the life itself, the non-human and non-life things can be called It is also purposeful in pre-conscious nature because it is the soil of subjectivity, whose purpose is manifested by the subsistence of the subjectivity. Therefore, the whole of nature is a purposeful existence.