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为了准确预测轮轨噪声,在分析轮轨噪声产生机理的基础上,运用车辆-轨道耦合动力学理论、噪声辐射与传播理论,建立了轮轨噪声预测模型。在模型中,车轮采用LOVE圆环模型,钢轨采用Timoshenko梁模型,轮轨接触采用Hertz非线性弹性接触。模型计算结果与国际知名软件TWINS的仿真结果比较表明,各轮轨部件的噪声峰值频率不尽相同,但对总噪声贡献的主要频率范围是一致的;模型声级频谱计算值与秦沈客运专线高速行车试验的现场实测值比较吻合,且变化趋势一致。由此说明轮轨噪声预测模型是可行的,可用于铁路轮轨噪声的预测与评价。
In order to accurately predict the wheel-rail noise, based on the analysis of the wheel-rail noise generation mechanism, the wheel-rail noise prediction model is established by using the theory of vehicle-rail coupling dynamics, noise radiation and propagation theory. In the model, the LOVE ring model is adopted for the wheels, the Timoshenko beam model for the rails, and the Hertz nonlinear elastic contact for the wheel-rail contacts. The simulation results of the model and the TWINS simulation software show that the peak frequencies of the wheel-rail components are not the same, but the main frequency range of the total noise contribution is the same. The field test results of high-speed driving test are in good agreement with the same changing trend. Thus it is feasible to describe the wheel / rail noise prediction model and it can be used to predict and evaluate the rail wheel and rail noise.