冬小麦是世界上主要粮食作物之一,在农业生产中占有重要地位。冬小麦品种的株高、千粒重、成熟期和抗病性是决定产量高低的主要性状。植株较矮、千粒重高、抗病性强和适宜的成熟期,有利于一个品种的高产稳产。因此,国内外小麦育种家在育种中,都特别重视这些性状的选育。相应对小麦的矮源、大粒源、早熟源和抗病源等,要求越发迫切和严格。我们为了进一步了解国外冬小麦品种的上述性状及其变化,对从苏联、美国、意大利、罗马尼亚、南斯拉夫、保加利亚、匈牙利、法国、英国和日本等十个国家引进的品种进行了研究分析。结果表明,各国品种之间这些性状的差别很大,然而它们的发展趋势大体相同。这对我国确定 Winter wheat is one of the main food crops in the world and occupies an important position in agricultural production. The plant height, 1000-grain weight, maturity and disease resistance of winter wheat are the main characters that determine the yield. Plant shorter, high grain weight, disease resistance and suitable maturity, is conducive to a variety of high and stable yield. Therefore, domestic and foreign wheat breeders pay special attention to the breeding of these traits in breeding. Corresponding to the short source of wheat, large grain source, early maturity and disease-resistant sources, the more pressing and strict requirements. In order to further understand the above traits and changes of foreign winter wheat varieties, we conducted a research analysis on the varieties imported from ten countries including the Soviet Union, the United States, Italy, Romania, Yugoslavia, Bulgaria, Hungary, France, Britain and Japan. The results show that these traits vary greatly across countries and their trends are generally the same. This is OK for my country