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目的了解2006—2015年武汉市风疹疫情的流行病学特征,为制定风疹免疫预防策略提供参考。方法收集中国疾病预防控制信息系统中2006—2015年武汉市风疹个案病例疫情信息,采用描述流行病学方法分析风疹的流行病学特征。结果2006—2015年累计报告风疹5 353例,2006—2008年报告发病率逐年上升,2009—2015年发病逐年下降,发病高峰为3~7月,发病前3位的地区为青山区、洪山区、武昌区。病例中男性多于女性(χ~2=156.40,P<0.05),以学生为风疹的高发人群,发病年龄以10~19岁人群最多,占发病总数的69.33%。风疹病例中有风疹免疫史的占0.43%,武汉市适龄儿童含风疹成分疫苗接种剂次数逐年上升。结论 2006—2015年武汉市风疹报告发病呈波动下降趋势,但存在发病年龄后移现象,应做好适龄儿童2剂次含风疹成分疫苗的常规免疫外,尽快制定15岁以上人群的免疫预防策略。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of rubella outbreak in Wuhan from 2006 to 2015 and provide references for the development of immunization prevention strategies for rubella. Methods Epidemic information of cases of rubella in Wuhan was collected from 2006 to 2015 in China’s disease prevention and control information system. Epidemiological characteristics of rubella were analyzed by descriptive epidemiological methods. Results A total of 3535 cases of rubella were reported in 2006-2015. The reported incidence in 2006-2008 increased year by year. The incidence of 2009-2015 decreased year by year. The peak incidence was March to July. The top three cases were Qingshan District and Hongshan District ,Wuchang District. There were more males than females in the cases (χ ~ 2 = 156.40, P <0.05). The students with high incidence of rubella had the highest age at onset of 10-19 years old, accounting for 69.33% of the total. Rubella immunization history of rubella cases accounted for 0.43%, Wuhan City, school-age children with rubella ingredients vaccination agents increased year by year. Conclusion The incidence of rubella in Wuhan City fluctuated downward from 2006 to 2015, but there was a shift in the age of onset. In addition, immunization prevention strategies should be formulated as soon as possible for children over 15 years of age in addition to routine immunization with two doses of rubella vaccine. .