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2016年11月,欧洲航天局(ESA)正式对外发布“航天4.0”概念。强调世界航天发展正进入一个新的时代—“航天4.0”时代。在这个时代,航天发展越来越依赖于政府、企业、公民等社会各界的力量。为此,欧洲应加快欧洲航天政策一体化进程,全面整合欧洲航天界和其他社会各界力量,从太空科学、商业航天、对地观测、深空探测等多个方面着手,将欧洲打造成具有全球竞争力的航天力量。对此,笔者认为在新的全球形势下,欧洲当局已充分认识到航天活动在整合欧洲各方利益、凝聚欧洲社会共识、推动欧洲一体化方面所具有的独特作用。“航天4.0”概念不仅是对早前颁布的《欧洲航天战略》的响应,更通过全面的布局、清晰的目标,为欧洲航天确立了未来5年的发展方向。尽管在执行过程中可能面临着诸如英国脱欧、同类机构竞争等诸多挑战,但“航天4.0”概念无疑将给欧洲航天和世界航天发展注入新的动力。
In November 2016, the European Space Agency (ESA) officially released the concept of “Aerospace 4.0”. Emphasizing that the world’s space development is entering a new era - “Aerospace 4.0” era. In this era, space development relies more and more on the power of the government, enterprises and citizens in all walks of life. To this end, Europe should speed up the process of integration of European space policy, fully integrate the European space community and other sectors of society, and start with many aspects of space science, commercial spaceflight, earth observation and deep space exploration, and make Europe into a global Competitive space force. In this regard, I believe that under the new global situation, the European authorities have fully realized the unique role played by space activities in integrating the interests of all parties in Europe, unifying European social consensus and promoting European integration. The concept of “Space 4.0” is not only a response to the “European space strategy” promulgated earlier, but also sets the direction for the development of European space for the next five years through comprehensive layout and clear objectives. Although the implementation process may face many challenges such as the Brexit in Britain and the competition among similar institutions, the concept of “Aerospace 4.0” will undoubtedly inject new impetus into the development of European aerospace and the world’s aerospace industry.