论文部分内容阅读
为探索短时高温胁迫对橡副珠蜡蚧[Parasaissetia nigra(Nietner)]及其天敌副珠蜡蚧阔柄跳小蜂(Metaphycus parasaissetiae Zhang and Huang)的影响,本研究在室内观察了橡副珠蜡蚧及其天敌副珠蜡蚧阔柄跳小蜂在不同温度(33、36、39、42、45℃)和短时处理(3、6、9 h)下的存活情况。结果表明:随着温度升高和处理时间延长,橡副珠蜡蜡卵的孵化率均逐渐降低,卵经33~42℃的高温胁迫3、6、9 h后其孵化率均高于87.0%,45℃胁迫9 h后仅为14.7%;3龄若虫在36~42℃范围,随温度升高存活率降低,而45℃胁迫6 h和9 h后不能存活;初期成虫在45℃条件下,胁迫6 h后存活率仅为25.0%,胁迫9 h存活率为0。副珠蜡蚧阔柄跳小蜂蛹的羽化率随胁迫温度升高和胁迫时间延长而逐渐降低,33~42℃条件下,处理3 h后羽化率均在87.5%以上,处理6 h后,羽化率分别均在81.8%以上,处理9 h后,羽化率均在77.8%以上,当温度升至45℃时,副珠蜡蚧阔柄跳小蜂蛹不能羽化;副珠蜡蚧阔柄跳小蜂成虫寿命也随胁迫温度升高和时间延长而缩短,42℃胁迫3 h仅为1.00 d,胁迫9 h后约为0.50 d,45℃胁迫3、6、9 h后初羽化雌蜂均很快死亡。橡副珠蜡蚧和副珠蜡蚧阔柄跳小蜂对高温均有较强的适应性。
In order to explore the effect of short-term high temperature stress on Parasaissetia nigra (Nietner) and its natural enemy Metaphyse parasaissetiae Zhang and Huang, The survival of waxy insects and their natural enemies, Beauveria bassiana, were studied under different temperatures (33, 36, 39, 42 and 45 ℃) and short-term treatments (3, 6 and 9 h) The results showed that with the increase of temperature and the prolongation of treatment time, the hatching rates of wax eggs of Oxya pearlis paraffin gradually decreased, and the hatching rates of egg oocytes after 3, 6 and 9 h of high temperature stress were higher than 87.0% And only 14.7% after 9 h of stress at 9 ℃. The survival rate of 3rd instar nymphs decreased with increasing temperature from 45 ℃ to 42 ℃, but could not survive at 45 ℃ for 6 and 9 h. , The survival rate after 6 h of stress was only 25.0%, and the survival rate at 9 h after stress was 0. The emergence rate of pupal pupae of Culex pipiens pallens gradually decreased with the increasing of stress temperature and prolonging the duration of stress. The emergence rates of the pupae of Culex pipiens pallens were 87.5% after 3 h of treatment at 33-42 ℃. After 6 h of treatment, The emergence rate was above 81.8%, and the emergence rate was above 77.8% after 9 h treatment. When the temperature rose to 45 ℃, the pupae could not emerge. The lifespan of adult wasps also decreased with increasing temperature and prolonging of temperature. The stress at 42 ℃ for 3 h was only 1.00 d and that after 9 h was about 0.50 d. After being exposed to 45 ℃ for 3, 6 and 9 h, Soon died. Acarus rubra and Acarina parapsilosis Kuisuo beetle have high adaptability to high temperature.