目的　探讨神经细胞粘附分子 (NCAM )在胆管癌神经浸润中的作用。方法　 78例胆管癌标本切片HE染色 ,观察记数小血管、小淋巴管、神经纤维浸润数。用抗人NCAM单抗行链霉亲和素 过氧化物酶 (S P)法染色 ,观察肿瘤细胞的阳性情况。结果　肿瘤细胞神经浸润阳性与小血管、小淋巴管的浸润呈正相关 (P <0 .0 1) ;肿瘤细胞NCAM表达阳性 (5 1例 )与神经浸润阳性 (6 8例 )呈正相关 (P <0 .0 1) ;肿瘤的恶性程度与NCAM表达呈正相关 ;NCAM表达与小血管、小淋巴管浸润无关。结论　NCAM可能是胆管癌的特征分子之一。它可引导胆管癌细胞向神经纤维趋化和粘附 ,即起“导航”和“停泊”作用。 Objective To investigate the role of neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) in nerve invasion of cholangiocarcinoma. Methods 78 specimens of cholangiocarcinoma specimens were stained with HE to observe the count of small blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, and nerve fiber infiltration. Streptavidin peroxidase (S P) staining with anti-human NCAM monoclonal antibody was performed to observe the positive status of tumor cells. Results The positive neuronecrosis of tumor cells was positively correlated with the infiltration of small blood vessels and lymphatic vessels (P < 0.01). The positive expression of NCAM in tumor cells (51 cases) was positively correlated with positive neural invasion (68 cases) (P < 0. 0 1) The degree of malignancy was positively correlated with the expression of NCAM; NCAM expression was not associated with infiltration of small vessels or lymphatic vessels. Conclusion NCAM may be one of the characteristic molecules of cholangiocarcinoma. It can lead to the chemotaxis and adhesion of cholangiocarcinoma cells to nerve fibers, ie, to act as a “navigation” and “parking”.