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自然保护区内人工林的经营问题关系到自然保护区生物多样性保护与生态系统稳定性。针对我国东北林区保护区中占较大比重的落叶松人工林,研究了东折棱河自然保护区,不同经营方式和针阔混交比例的人工兴安落叶松林下生物多样性指数的变化规律。采用Simpsonindex(DS和E)和Shannon-Weinerindex(H)参数进行了计算分析。结果表明,加大阔叶树的比例,有利于提高其林下生物多样性指数。在物种多样性研究的基础上,从恢复生物多样性的角度提出了人工落叶松林的“栽针保阔”经营方式,给出了保阔的树种,可以选择水曲柳、黄檗、色木和春榆与兴安落叶松混交。混交造林时,可以通过调节树种种间关系,形成良好的林分结构,发挥其生态功能。
The management of plantations in nature reserves is related to the conservation of biodiversity and ecosystem stability in nature reserves. Aiming at the Larix gmelini plantation occupying a large proportion of the reserve in the northeastern forest area in our country, the variation regularity of Biodiversity under Larix gmelinii forest of Dongziling Nature Reserve, different management modes and coniferous and broadleaf mixed forest was studied. Calculations were performed using Simpsonindex (DS and E) and Shannon-Weinerindex (H) parameters. The results showed that increasing the proportion of broad-leaved trees was beneficial to improve the index of understory biodiversity. Based on the study of species diversity, this paper puts forward the management mode of artificial growth of Larix gmelinii plantation from the perspective of restoring biodiversity, gives the tree species of broad-leaved tree species, and can choose Manchurian ash, yellow barberry, Chun Yu and Larch mixed. When mixed afforestation, you can adjust the tree species to form a good stand structure, play its ecological function.