一、前言粉尘危害是世界范围的。尘肺病仍然威胁着工人们的健康,尤其在发展中国家,成千上万的工人面临着罹患尘肺病的危险。由于疾病报告和资料收集的局限性,全球尘肺病的发病率和患病率尚不能计算,但来自部分地区的数据可见一斑。比如:拉丁美洲矿工尘肺病的发病率为37%,50岁以上矿工的发病率上升至50%;在南非陶瓷制造业中,1/3的工龄超过15年的工人被诊断为尘肺病;铸造业中矽肺的患病率已高达10.3%:非洲和拉丁美洲的许多 First, the preface Dust hazards are worldwide. Pneumoconiosis still threatens the health of workers, especially in developing countries, where thousands of workers are at risk of developing pneumoconiosis. Due to limitations of disease reporting and data collection, the incidence and prevalence of pneumoconiosis in the world can not be calculated yet, but the data from some regions are evident. For example, the incidence of pneumoconiosis among miners in Latin America is 37%, and the incidence of miners over 50 years old rises to 50%. In the ceramics manufacturing industry in South Africa, one third of workers who have worked for more than 15 years are diagnosed as pneumoconiosis; The prevalence of silicosis in the industry is as high as 10.3%: many in Africa and Latin America