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目的研究铅对作业工人精液质量的影响。方法随机抽取474名男性铅作业工人作为暴露组,378名男性非铅作业工人为对照组,测定并比较其血铅浓度与精液质量(即精子密度、精子活率、精子活力、精子存活率、精子形态)异常率的关系;计量资料的比较用t检验,率的比较用检验,血铅浓度与精子质量异常率的关系用秩相关分析,以P<0.05为差异具有统计学意义。结果驱铅前暴露组血铅浓度、精子质量异常率均高于对照组(t=45.6043,=144.4366、137.7945、108.6577、108.8211、79.7346;P均<0.001),其差异具有统计学意义,且精子质量异常率与血铅浓度均呈正相关(rs值分别为0.9834、0.9509、0.9385、0.9104、0.9162,P值分别为<0.001、<0.001、<0.001、=0.004、=0.010);驱铅后暴露组血铅浓度、精子质量异常率与对照组的差异均无统计学意义(t=1.4225、值分别为0.0078、0.9716、0.0628、0.3669、0.0105,P值分别为0.149、0.930、0.324、0.803、0.545、0.918)。结论精子质量异常率随血铅浓度的升高而升高,应加强铅作业工人的职业卫生防护和健康行为干预。
Objective To study the effect of lead on semen quality of workers. Methods 474 male lead workers were randomly selected as the exposure group and 378 male non-lead workers as the control group. Blood lead concentrations and semen quality (ie, sperm density, sperm motility, sperm motility, sperm viability, Sperm morphology abnormal rate; the comparison of measurement data using t test, the rate of comparison test, the relationship between blood lead concentration and sperm mass abnormal rate using rank correlation analysis to P <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results The level of blood lead and the abnormal sperm quality in exposed group before lead extubation were higher than those in control group (t = 45.6043, = 144.4366, 137.7945, 108.6577, 108.8211, 79.7346, P <0.001), and the difference was statistically significant (P <0.001, <0.001, <0.001, respectively, = 0.004, P = 0.010). After the lead-exposed group There was no significant difference between the two groups (t = 1.4225, the values were 0.0078,0.9716,0.0628,0.3669,0.0105, P values were 0.149,0.930,0.324,0.803,0.545 respectively, 0.918). Conclusion The abnormal rate of sperm quality increases with the increase of blood lead concentration. Occupational health protection and health behavior intervention of lead workers should be strengthened.