要厘断传记文学内部的盘根错节并非易事。本文将从具体的文本入手 ,从学理上阐述自传事实、传记事实和历史事实之间复杂的叠合关系。事实的三要素是理解传记文学的一条关键原则 ,但在自传的叙述里 ,自传作者往往会根据自己的哲学理念和美学思想来重演飘逝的自我。 It is not easy to decipher the underlying problems in biographical literature. This article will start with concrete texts and elaborates on the complex overlapping relations between autobiographical facts, biographical facts and historical facts. The three elements of fact are one of the key principles for understanding biographical literature. However, in autobiographical narrative, autobiographical writers tend to recreate the passing ego according to their philosophical ideas and aesthetic thoughts.