人物传记是高中文言文中的常见类别,其所塑造的人物多为忠、勇、廉、直的文武官员,文章自然会涉及到朝廷对他们的任、免、升、降、调。古代汉语用以表示官吏任、免、升、降、调的词汇特别丰富,只有掌握了相关知识,才能准确理解文意。下面将分类对这些知识进行介绍。 Biography is a common category in high-level Chinese texts. Its characters are mostly loyal, brave, honest, and straight civil and military officials. The articles will naturally involve the court’s appointment, exemption, promotion, decline, and adjustment to them. In ancient Chinese, the vocabulary used to express office officials’ appointments, exemptions, ascension, descenders, and tune was particularly rich. Only by mastering relevant knowledge can the text be accurately understood. The following classification will introduce this knowledge.