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单间室膝关节骨关节炎（osteoarthritis，OA）是膝关节退变的早期阶段，表现为膝关节单一间室退变，多发生于内侧间室，主要症状为膝关节疼痛和活动受限，影响患者生活质量。对于伴有力线异常的单间室膝关节OA，膝关节周围截骨下肢力线矫正术是有效的治疗方式之一。通过调整下肢力线，将压力从患侧间室转移至正常间室或正常力线位置，从而缓解膝关节疼痛，改善膝关节功能。目前尚无膝关节周围截骨下肢力线矫正术治疗单间室膝关节OA的临床指南。经中国医院协会临床新技术应用专业委员会、中华医学会骨科学分会关节外科学组和中国医师协会骨科医师分会骨关节炎学组的专家共同讨论，采用推荐意见分级的评估、制订及评价（Grading of Recommendations Assessment，Development and Evaluation，GRADE）分级体系和卫生实践指南报告标准（Reporting Items for Practice Guidelines in Healthcare，RIGHT），遴选出骨科医生最为关注的25个问题，先后通过证据检索、证据体质量评价以及确立推荐意见方向和强度等步骤，最终形成25条推荐意见。推荐条目1~5为膝关节周围截骨下肢力线矫正术的适应证与禁忌证，条目6~21为手术方法及术中处理原则，条目22为3D打印截骨矫形技术，条目23~25为围手术期及随访管理等内容。指南制订旨在提高膝关节周围截骨下肢力线矫正术治疗膝关节OA的规范化与标准化。“,”Unicompartmental knee osteoarthritis (OA) is the early stage of knee joint degeneration, characterized by the degeneration of a single compartment of the knee, which occurs in the medial compartment mainly. The manifestations are knee pain and limited range of motion, which affect the quality of life of patients. Periarticular knee osteotomy is an effective treatment for unicompartmental knee OA with abnormal alignment of the lower extremity. By regulating the alignment of lower limbs, the pressure transferred from the diseased lateral compartment to the healthy lateral compartment or normal location, so as to relieve the keen pain and improve knee function. At present, there is no clinical guideline of periarticular knee osteotomy for alignment correction of the lower extremity in the treatment of unicompartmental knee OA. Through the experts discussion from the Chinese Hospital Association Clinical Medical Technology Application Committee, the Joint Surgery Branch of the Chinese Orthopaedic Association and the Subspecialty Group of Osteoarthritis, Chinese Association of Orthopaedic Surgeons, the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach was used in this specific case to rate the quality of evidence and the strength of recommendations, and the Reporting Items for Practice Guidelines in Healthcare (RIGHT) checklist was strictly followed to report the guideline. Finally, 25 evidence-based recommendations were formulated based on 25 most concerned clinical problems among orthopaedic surgeons according to evidence retrieval, quality evaluation of body evidence, and establishment of direction and intensity of recommendations. Items 1-5 are indications and contraindications of periarticular knee osteotomy for lower extremity alignment correction; items 6-21 are surgical methods and principles of intraoperative management; item 22 is 3D printing osteotomy and orthopaedic technology; and items 23-25 are perioperative period and follow-up management. The purpose of this guideline is to improve the normalization and standardization of periarticular knee osteotomy for lower extremity alignment correction in knee OA.