长期以来,我国经济在高度计划体制下运行,人们对市场、市场经济涉猎不多,了解甚少,习惯了自给自足自然经济的贫困山区对此就更加陌生,因而,在这些落后的地区发展市场经济存在更多的问题或说制约因素。 问题之一,小农经济思想根深蒂固,阻碍着传统农业向现代农业的转变。小农经济思想主要反映为“小而全”,墨守陈规。 问题之二,农业发展缓慢,农民收入低下,影响了对农业的再投入。近几年来,尽管主要农产品的产量有所增加,但由于农业生产资料价格不断上涨,仍然造成农业生产入不敷出的局面。 问题之三,农产品结构单一,质量低,在市场中缺乏竞争力。贫困山区农业立地条件差,生产手段落后,产品结构单一,基本没有走出“单纯抓粮食求温饱”的怪圈。冲不破农村就是农业,农业就是种田,种田就是种粮的传统农业模式。“种田吃饭,养猪过年”的粮猪型经济结构仍然左右着农民的生产意识。 For a long time, our economy has been operating under a highly planned system. People have little knowledge of the market and market economy and have little understanding of it. The poor mountain areas accustomed to a self-sufficient natural economy are even more unfamiliar with each other. Therefore, developing markets in these backward areas The economy has more problems or constraints. One of the problems, the deep-rooted economic thinking of smallholders, hindered the transformation of traditional agriculture to modern agriculture. The economic thinking of smallholders is mainly reflected as “small and complete”, sticking to stereotypes. The second problem is that the slow development of agriculture and the low income of peasants have affected the reinvestment in agriculture. In recent years, although the output of major agricultural products has increased, the price of agricultural means of production has been rising, which has led to a situation where agricultural production can not make ends meet. The third problem is that agricultural products have a single structure, low quality and lack of competitiveness in the market. Poor agricultural areas in poor mountainous conditions, backward production methods, a single product structure, the basic did not get out of “a simple food and food for fullness,” the cycle. Rushing to break the countryside is agriculture, agriculture is farming, and farming is the traditional agricultural mode of growing grain. The “pig-based” economic structure of “farming for a meal and raising a pig for New Year” still dominates farmers’ sense of production.