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以成年纽荷尔脐橙、兴津温州蜜柑和沙田柚为材料,研究落蕾、落花和脱落幼果中的养分含量及其脱落造成的损耗。结果表明,3个品种的蕾和花营养元素含量为N 3.34%~3.66%,P 0.26%~0.31%,K 1.67%~2.30%,Ca、Mg和S含量0.17%~0.48%,Fe、Mn、Zn、Cu和B含量8.1~87.5 mg·kg-1。除花的B含量显著高于蕾外,花和蕾的多数营养元素含量相近,且品种间差异小。与蕾和花相比,幼果的N和P含量较少,N和P含量分别少21.8%和19.5%,但Fe含量较多,其它营养元素含量变化不明显。纽荷尔脐橙、兴津温州蜜柑和沙田柚单株脱落的蕾、花和幼果干物质量合计分别为3 016.3 g、3 533.6 g和1 486.7 g,由此所造成的单株主要养分损耗为N 49.2~119.4 g、P4.3~10.1 g、K 30.1~76.2 g、Mg 2.5~7.1 g、Zn 24.0~81.5 mg和B 65.5~170.2 mg。兴津温州蜜柑和沙田柚均以落花的养分损耗最大,落蕾其次,落果最小;纽荷尔脐橙则是落花和落蕾的养分损耗相近且远高于落果。品种间以兴津温州蜜柑脱落的养分损耗最大,纽荷尔脐橙其次,沙田柚最小。因此,柑橘应控制过量开花,并在萌芽开花期及时补充养分。
The adult Newhall navel orange, Xing mandarin Satsuma and Shatin pomelo were used as materials to study the nutrient content and the loss caused by its drop in the young fruit. The results showed that the nutrient contents of buds and flowers of three cultivars were N 3.34% -3.66%, P 0.26% -0.31%, K 1.67% -2.23%, Ca, Mg and S 0.17% -0.48%, Fe, Mn , Zn, Cu and B contents of 8.1 ~ 87.5 mg · kg-1. In addition to flower B content was significantly higher than buds, flowers and buds most of the nutrient content is similar, and the difference between varieties is small. Compared with buds and flowers, young fruit had less N and P contents, with 21.8% and 19.5% less N and P, respectively, but had more Fe and little changes in other nutrient elements. The total dry weight of bud, flower and young fruit of Newhall navel orange, Satsuma satsuma and Shatin pomelo totaled 3 016.3 g, 3 533.6 g and 1 486.7 g, respectively, resulting in the loss of main nutrients N 49.2-119.4 g, P4.3-10.1 g, K 30.1-76.2 g, Mg 2.5-7.1 g, Zn 24.0-81.5 mg and B 65.5-170.2 mg. Xingjin Wenzhou Satsuma and Shatian pomelo to drop the most nutrient loss, falling buds followed by the lowest fruit drop; Newhall navel orange is falling and falling buds of the nutrient loss is similar and far higher than the drop fruit. Varieties to Xingjin Wenzhou Citrus loss of the largest loss of nutrients, followed by Newhall navel orange, grapefruit smallest. Therefore, citrus should control excessive flowering, and in the bud and flowering time to replenish nutrients.