由于近50年来人类不合理的水土资源和生物资源的开发利用,导致塔里木河下游大西海子水库以下363km河道断流近30年,地下水位大幅度下降,由地下水维系的植被群落出现严重退化,塔里木河下游绿色走廊生态恶化趋势严重。为此,新疆维吾尔自治区人民政府于2000年4月实施了旨在挽救当地生态环境的塔里木河下游应急生态输水工程,从2000年5月开始至2006年9月,由塔里木河流域管理局与巴州、农二师共同组织8次向塔里木河下游生态应急输水。输水后地下水位大幅升高,相应地,塔里木河下游绿色走廊的生态与环境发生了一系列动态变化。本文根据实测数据和前人研究的资料分析基础上,对塔里木河下游典型地区地下水位和植被对生态输水的积极响应进行探讨。 Due to the unreasonable development and utilization of human and water resources and living resources in the past 50 years, the 363km channel below the Daxihaizi Reservoir in the lower reaches of the Tarim River has been cut off for nearly 30 years, the groundwater level has dropped drastically, and the vegetation communities maintained by groundwater have seriously degraded. Tarim The ecological deterioration trend of the green corridor in the lower reaches of the river is serious. Therefore, the People’s Government of Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region implemented the emergency ecological water conveyance project in the lower reaches of the Tarim River in April 2000 to save the local ecological environment. From May 2000 to September 2006, the People’s Government of the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, jointly controlled by the Tarim River Basin Authority and Bazhou, agricultural two division jointly organized 8 times to the lower reaches of the Tarim River ecological emergency water. After water conveyance, groundwater level has risen sharply. Correspondingly, a series of dynamic changes have taken place in the ecology and environment of the green corridor in the lower reaches of the Tarim River. Based on the measured data and the data analysis of previous studies, this paper discusses the positive response of groundwater table and vegetation to ecological water conveyance in the typical areas of the lower reaches of the Tarim River.