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生物多样性和生态系统健康间的关系,是生态学领域的一个重大科学问题,近年来已成为关注的热点。首先,生物多样性在复杂的时空尺度上维持着生态系统过程的运行,是生态系统功能得以维持的生物基础;其次,生物多样性是生态系统抗干扰能力、恢复能力及适应环境变化能力的物质基础。生态系统健康的维持取决于系统的生物多样性、可再生能力和生产力,维护生物多样性是生态系统管理计划中不可缺少的部分;第三,对生态系统健康程度的评价,很大程度上依赖于对生态过程的认识,而生物多样性及其生态系统功能又是认识和了解生态过程的基础。本文通过对森林生态系统异质性、种间关系及关键种、外来物种入侵、“绿色沙漠”等问题的论述,阐述了生物多样性与森林生态系统健康之间的关系,提出了我国所面临的问题和相应的对策。
The relationship between biodiversity and ecosystem health is a major scientific issue in the field of ecology. In recent years, it has become a hot spot of concern. First of all, biological diversity maintains the operation of ecosystem processes on complex time and space scales and is the biological basis for the maintenance of ecosystem functions. Secondly, biological diversity is a substance that has the ability of resisting disturbance, restoring ability and adapting to environmental changes. basis. The maintenance of ecosystem health depends on systematic biodiversity, renewable energy and productivity, and the maintenance of biodiversity is an integral part of the ecosystem management plan. Third, the assessment of ecosystem health depends heavily on In recognition of ecological processes, biodiversity and its ecosystem functions are the basis for understanding and understanding of ecological processes. This paper elaborates the relationship between biodiversity and forest ecosystem health by discussing the heterogeneity of forest ecosystems, interspecific relationships, the invasion of key species, invasion of alien species and the “green desert” The problems faced and corresponding countermeasures.