论文部分内容阅读
目的了解浙江省宁波市2004—2015年麻疹流行病学特征及野毒株的基因型特征,为制定防控对策提供参考依据。方法收集宁波市2004年1月—2015年12月麻疹发病监测数据及各县(市、区)报告的麻疹野毒株样本,采用逆转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)进行扩增,对PCR产物进行序列测定和分析。结果宁波市2004—2015年麻疹发病率依次为9.93/10万、21.09/10万、2.46/10万、12.73/10万、33.38/10万、4.10/10万、2.41/10万、0.93/10万、6.60/10万、2.11/10万、2.30/10万、2.74/10万,麻疹发病率总体呈下降趋势(χ_(趋势)~2=2 743.496,P<0.01);麻疹全年均有发病,以2~5月为发病高峰,病例数占总发病数的66.74%;宁波市11个市(区、县)麻疹均有发病,发病率居于前3位的地区分别为海曙区520例(13.81/10万)、江北区485例(13.33/10万)及江东区450例(12.19/10万);麻疹<8月龄、8月龄~7岁、8~14岁、15~19岁和≥20岁病例构成比分别为23.13%、20.89%、4.02%、6.40%和45.56%;宁波市2004—2015年共分离到麻疹野毒株90株,其中11株为B3基因亚型,79株为H1基因型(H1a基因亚型73株,H1b基因亚型6株)。结论宁波市2004—2015年麻疹发病率总体呈下降趋势;H1a亚型为该地区麻疹优势基因型。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of measles and genotypes of wild-type strains from 2004 to 2015 in Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province, and provide a reference for the development of prevention and control measures. Methods Measles surveillance data of measles from January 2004 to December 2015 in Ningbo City were collected. Samples of wild measles virus strains reported from all counties (cities and districts) were collected and amplified by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) PCR products were sequenced and analyzed. Results The incidence of measles in Ningbo from 2004 to 2015 was 9.93 / 100000, 21.09 / 100000, 2.46 / 100000, 12.73 / 100000, 33.38 / 100000, 4.10 / 100000, 2.41 / 100000, 0.93 / 10 The prevalence of measles generally showed a decreasing trend (χ_ (trend) ~ 2 = 2 743.496, P <0.01); measles all year round The incidence peaked from May to May, accounting for 66.74% of the total number of cases. The incidence of measles in 11 cities (districts and counties) in Ningbo was the highest, with the incidence rates of the top 3 in Haishu District being 520 (13.81 / 100000), Jiangbei District 485 cases (13.33 / 100000) and Jiangdong District 450 cases (12.19 / 100000); measles <8 months old, 8 months old to 7 years old, 8 to 14 years old, 15 to 19 The proportions of patients aged ≥20 years were 23.13%, 20.89%, 4.02%, 6.40% and 45.56%, respectively. A total of 90 strains of wild measles virus were isolated from 2004 to 2015 in Ningbo City, among which 11 strains were subtype B3, 79 strains were H1 genotype (H1a genotype 73, H1b genotype 6). Conclusion The incidence of measles in Ningbo City in 2004-2015 generally shows a decreasing trend. H1a subtype is the predominant measles genotype in this area.