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为探讨江淮地区机插双季早稻适宜的肥料运筹模式,以常规早稻品种‘浙辐203’为材料,在实地机插田间小区试验条件下,研究3种肥料运筹模式(当地农民常规习惯施肥、高产推荐施肥和控释复合肥施肥)对双季早稻产量构成、叶片SPAD值、叶面积指数、干物质重和茎蘖动态的影响。结果表明:3种施肥模式的平均实际产量达8201.7 kg/hm~2,且高产推荐施肥模式和控释复合肥施肥模式在每穴有效穗数、公顷有效穗数、理论产量上均显著大于当地农民常规习惯施肥模式,在千粒重上均显著小于当地农民常规习惯施肥模式。高产推荐施肥模式可改善双季早稻机插的群体结构,在获得适宜穗数的基础上减少无效分蘖,提高成穗率,并减缓生育后期叶面积指数的下降速率,促进生育中、后期主要器官内干物质的积累与转运,提高水稻群体的光合速率,增加群体生物学总量而达到增产。高产推荐施肥模式可作为江淮地区机插双季早稻获得高产的适宜施肥技术模式,对控释复合肥施肥模式进行工艺改进,也可有望成为该地区机插双季早稻高产的一种技术选择。
In order to explore the appropriate fertilizer management model for double cropping early maturing rice in Jianghuai region, the conventional early rice variety ’Zhefu 203’ was used to study the effects of three fertilization modes (conventional practices of local farmers, High yield recommended fertilization and controlled release fertilizer application) on yield components, leaf SPAD value, leaf area index, dry matter weight and stem tiller dynamics of double cropping early rice. The results showed that the average actual yield of the three fertilization modes was 8201.7 kg / hm ~ 2, and the high yield recommended fertilization mode and controlled release fertilization mode were significantly higher than the local effective spike number per hectare, effective spikes per hectare and theoretical yield Farmers conventional habit mode of fertilization, grain weight were significantly less than the conventional habits of local farmers fertilization mode. The high yield recommended fertilization mode can improve the population structure of double cropping early rice and reduce the ineffective tillers, increase the percentage of spikelets, decrease the rate of decline of leaf area index during late growth and promote the growth of middle and late main organs Within the dry matter accumulation and transport, improve photosynthetic rate of rice population, increase the total amount of population biology and achieve yield. The high yield recommended fertilization mode can be used as a suitable fertilization mode for high yield of double cropping rice in Jianghuai region and the improvement of fertilization mode for controlled release compound fertilizers can also be expected to become a technical choice for high yield of double cropping early maturing rice in the region.