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随着动物的进化,免疫系统逐渐发育完善。脊椎动物特异性免疫反应是直接对抗细菌、寄生虫及病毒感染。B细胞和免疫球蛋白主要担负宿主防御功能;辅助T淋巴细胞(T_H)通过产生其抗原特异性受体而起重要的辅助作用,杀伤T细胞(T_K)及其抗原受体则在对细胞内病毒的特异毒素性反应中起作用。因此,B细胞和可溶性抗原起反应,而T细胞则仅仅识别细胞的表面相关抗原。有关免疫球蛋白的性质早已弄清,但T
With the evolution of animals, the immune system gradually developed. Vertebrate-specific immune responses are directed against bacteria, parasites and viral infections. B cells and immunoglobulins are mainly responsible for the host defense function; T helper T lymphocytes (T_H) play an important auxiliary role by generating their antigen-specific receptors, and killer T cells (T_K) and their antigen receptors play an important role in intracellular The virus’s specific toxin reaction plays a role. Thus, B cells react with soluble antigens, whereas T cells recognize only the cell surface associated antigens. The nature of the immunoglobulin has long been clarified, but T