在神经系统中胶质细胞约占细胞总数的90%,其中星形胶质细胞是其主要的组成部分,其数量约为神经元数量的5倍。过去一直认为大脑中只有神经元具有传递和处理信息的功能,而星形胶质细胞只对神经元起营养、支持、保护及绝缘的作用。但近年来的研究发现,星形胶质细胞在调节神经元能量代谢等方面也起到了至关重要的作用,逐渐成为了神经科学研究的热点~([1])。1星形胶质细胞对神经元葡萄糖代谢的影响大脑的能量需求非常旺盛,尽管只占体重的2%,脑组 In the nervous system glial cells account for about 90% of the total number of cells, of which astrocytes is the main component of the number of neurons is about 5 times. In the past, it was thought that only neurons in the brain functioned to transmit and process information, while astrocytes only served to nourish, support, protect and insulate neurons. In recent years, however, studies have found that astrocytes also play a crucial role in the regulation of neuronal energy metabolism, and have gradually become the focus of neuroscience research (1). Effect of Astrocytes on Neuronal Glucose Metabolism The energy requirement of the brain is very high. Although it accounts for only 2% of the body weight, the brain