香附子是莎草科植物莎草Cyperus rotundus L.的块茎。本草纲目谓能治“心腹肢体头目齿耳诸痛”。桂树皮是桂花树(木樨) Osmonthus fragrans Lour的树皮、木樨根可治筋骨疼痛,其花可治风虫牙痛、经闭腹痛等。江西民间以香附子和桂树皮混合制成的膏作止痛药,称“土吗啡”。 Cyperus rotundus is a tuber of Cyperaceae Cyperus rotundus L. The Compendium of Materia Medica says that it can cure “the pain of the head and ears of the abdomen.” The bark of osmanthus bark, Osmonthus fragrans Lour, can cure bone and bone pain, and its flowers can cure toothache, abdominal pain and abdominal pain. Jiangxi folk used a paste made from the mixture of flavone and cassia bark as an analgesic and called “morphine.”