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目的探讨3~4月龄完全母乳喂养婴儿发生超重的危险因素,为儿童肥胖的早期干预提供理论依据。方法选取2009年7-10月青岛大学医学院附属医院和青岛市市北区妇幼保健院符合条件的3~4月龄婴儿340名作为研究对象。男182例(53.5%),女158例(46.5%)。自行设计婴儿生长发育情况调查问卷,对抚养者进行一般状况和婴儿超重危险因素调查;测量婴儿的体格生长指标。按照喂养方式的不同分为完全母乳喂养婴儿组(162例)和非完全母乳喂养婴儿组(178例)。应用病例对照研究的方法探讨完全母乳喂养婴儿发生超重的危险因素。结果 3~4月龄婴儿超重的流行情况:3~4月龄婴儿超重检出率为17.6%,男婴和女婴的超重检出率分别为16.5%、19.0%,差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.365,P=0.546)。完全母乳喂养组婴儿的超重检出率高于非完全母乳喂养组婴儿(χ2=4.457,P=0.035)。完全母乳喂养组男婴的超重检出率(22.2%)高于非完全母乳喂养组男婴(13.5%)(χ2=6.108,P=0.013),而2种不同喂养方式组女婴的超重检出率差异无统计学意义。3~4月龄完全母乳喂养婴儿超重的危险因素:父亲文化水平高、经阴道分娩、每次喂养持续时间长、喂养间隔时间短以及夜间喂养次数较多是3~4月龄完全母乳喂养婴儿发生超重的危险因素。结论完全母乳喂养婴儿超重现象较严重,为预防超重发生,改善喂养行为是重要的。
Objective To investigate the risk factors of overweight in 3 ~ 4 months old fully breastfeeding infants and to provide a theoretical basis for the early intervention of childhood obesity. Methods A total of 340 eligible infants from 3 to 4 months old from Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Qingdao University and Maobei MCH Hospital of Qingdao City from July to October in 2009 were selected as research objects. There were 182 males (53.5%) and 158 females (46.5%). Self-designed questionnaire on the growth and development of infants, the general status of caregivers and risk factors for infant overweight survey; measurement of physical growth indicators of infants. According to the different ways of feeding, it is divided into totally breastfeeding infants (162 cases) and non-fully breastfeeding infants (178 cases). A case-control study was conducted to investigate the risk factors for overweight in fully breastfeeding infants. Results The prevalence of overweight among 3- to 4-month-old infants: The prevalence of overweight in infants from 3 to 4 months was 17.6%, while the overweight prevalence in infants and infants was 16.5% and 19.0%, respectively, with no significant difference ( χ2 = 0.365, P = 0.546). The prevalence of overweight in fully breastfeeding infants was higher than in non-exclusively breastfeeding infants (χ2 = 4.457, P = 0.035). The detection rate of overweight (22.2%) in full breastfeeding group was higher than that of non-complete breastfeeding group (13.5%) (χ2 = 6.108, P = 0.013), while overweight test in 2 different feeding groups No significant difference in the rate of output. 3 to 4 months of age are fully breastfeeding Infants overweight risk factors: high cultural level of father, vaginal delivery, each feeding for a long time, feeding interval is short and more frequent nighttime feeding is 3 to 4 months of age fully breastfeeding infants Overweight risk factors. Conclusion It is important to overweight the full breastfeeding infant to prevent overweight and improve feeding behavior.