德国存在主义奠基人之一的雅斯贝斯在他的著作《时代的精神状况》中,它讨论了与西方现代化进程相伴随的精神文化的巨大变化,以及这种变化中的人的精神困境。他所用的“材料”(雅氏自己所称),基本是属于城市的“材料”——城市,无疑是被称为“现代”的时代生活的中心,工业、商业、政治、科技、文化……一切能够想象得到的构成一个社会的方方面面,都在城市集中,并呈现出一个社会,比如说“现代社会”的最典 Jaspers, one of the founding fathers of German existentialism, in his book Spiritual Conditions of the Time discusses the great changes in spiritual culture that accompanied the process of Western modernization and the spiritual dilemma of such people. The “material” (as he calls himself) used by him is basically the “material” of the city - a city undoubtedly at the center of an era known as “modern ”, and an industrial, commercial, Politics, science and technology, culture ... Everything imaginable that makes up a society is concentrated in the city and shows a society, such as the “most modern society”