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目的通过■鲦鱼红细胞研究铜离子的遗传毒性,寻找对诱变物敏感的鱼类。方法选择120尾■鲦鱼,随机分为8组,每组15尾,分别用Cu2+浓度为0.01、0.02、0.04、0.08、0.16、0.32、0.64、1.28mg/L的CuSO4溶液染毒,染毒在同一规格的塑料箱内进行。对照组以纯净水饲养。每一浓度组在6、12、24、48h时随机取鱼3尾(0.64mg/L组每次处理2尾),用纱布将鱼体表水分擦干。断尾取血,涂片,观察不同浓度、不同染毒时间铜离子对■鲦鱼红细胞微核及核异常的影响。结果各染毒组■鲦鱼红细胞微核率及核异常率均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01)。在12、24h时,在一定浓度(0.01～0.16mg/L)范围内■鲦鱼红细胞微核率与铜离子浓度成正相关,但当浓度过高(0.32、0.64mg/L)时,微核率反而降低。当铜离子浓度较低(0.01～0.08mg/L)时,微核率随染毒时间的延长而升高。结论■鲦鱼对诱变物敏感,可以作为微核实验的良好材料来检测诱变物的遗传毒性。
OBJECTIVE To study the genotoxicity of copper ions by tuna red blood cells to find fishes sensitive to mutagens. Methods 120 tilapia fish were randomly divided into 8 groups with 15 rats in each group. The animals were exposed to CuSO4 solution with concentrations of Cu2 + of 0.01, 0.02, 0.04, 0.08, 0.16, 0.32, 0.64 and 1.28 mg / In the same specifications of the plastic box. Control group with pure water feeding. Each concentration group randomly selected 3 fish at 6, 12, 24 and 48h (0.64mg / L group treated 2 fish each time), and dried the fish water with gauze. Tail bleeding, smear, observe the different concentrations, different exposure time of copper ions on the mackerel erythrocytes micronucleus and nuclear abnormalities. Results The rates of micronuclei and abnormalities of erythrocytes in each group were lower than those in control group (P <0.05 or P <0.01). At 12 and 24 hours, the micronucleus rate of erythrocytes was positively correlated with copper ion concentration at a certain concentration (0.01-0.16 mg / L). However, when the concentration was too high (0.32 and 0.64 mg / L) Instead, the rate of decline. When the copper ion concentration is low (0.01 ~ 0.08mg / L), the micronucleus rate increases with the exposure time. Conclusions ■ The anchovy is sensitive to the mutagen and can be used as a good material for micronucleus test to detect the genotoxicity of the mutagen.