一、引言桥梁振动的理论和实验研究,对于正确地进行桥梁的抗震设计及维护,有着重要的意义。桥梁结构动力参数是进行结构动力分析和抗震设计计算的重要参数,因此桥梁振动特性的研究很早就受到人们的重视。最初的理论研究,通常是把桥梁简化为一个理想化的模型,由此进行理论分析和计算。关于这一模型的力学特性参数,多是直接采用理论计算的结果,而很少根据现场测试结果反过来对结构系统的物理力学参数、特别是动力特性(刚度、阻尼、自振频率、振型)进行检验、修正、深化认识。实际上,由于引起桥梁结构振动的因素 I. INTRODUCTION Theoretical and experimental studies of bridge vibration have important implications for the correct design and maintenance of bridges. The dynamic parameters of the bridge structure are important parameters for structural dynamic analysis and seismic design calculation. Therefore, the research on bridge vibration characteristics has been paid much attention by people. The initial theoretical study usually simplified the bridge into an idealized model, which allowed for theoretical analysis and calculations. The parameters of the mechanical properties of this model are mostly based on the results of theoretical calculations. However, the physical and mechanical parameters, especially the dynamic characteristics (rigidity, damping, natural frequency, vibration mode) of the structural system are rarely reversed based on the field test results. ) Conduct inspections, corrections, and deepen understanding. In fact, due to the factors causing the vibration of the bridge structure