总体上看,履行WTO的农业协议承诺与中国农业调整在方向上是一致的。相比之下,国内农业调整的实际影响远大于所带来的效应。虽然加入WTO对国内农业生产、市场和价格、农村就业和农民收入、农业政策与体制带来了不同程度的冲击,但是,最大的冲击是对农业政策和体制提出的挑战。为了消除农业开放中的负面影响并发挥其积极作用,就迫切需要改革现行的农业宏观体制,采用一体化方式指导和管理未来中国农业向发样自身比较优势的方向转变,全面参与国际竞争和国际分工,不断提高中国农业的国际竞争力。同时在经济转型过程中,还要处理好政府和市场之间的关系,调整国民经济分配格局和城乡格局,为农业发展创造良好的宏观经济环境。 On the whole, the promise of implementing agricultural agreement in WTO is in line with the direction of China’s agricultural restructuring. In contrast, the actual impact of domestic agricultural adjustment far outweighs the effects. Although accession to the WTO brought varying degrees of impact on domestic agricultural production, markets and prices, rural employment and peasants’ incomes and agricultural policies and systems, the greatest impact is the challenge to agricultural policies and institutions. In order to eliminate the negative impact and play an active role in agricultural opening up, we urgently need to reform the existing agricultural macroeconomic system and adopt an integrated approach to guide and manage future changes in China’s agricultural sector toward its comparative advantages. We should fully participate in international competition and international Division of labor, and continuously improve the international competitiveness of China’s agriculture. At the same time, in the course of economic restructuring, we should also handle the relationship between the government and the market, adjust the distribution pattern of the national economy and the pattern of urban and rural areas, and create a favorable macroeconomic environment for agricultural development.