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目的观察就诊的动物致伤者,分别全程足量接种两种剂型狂犬病疫苗后,其血清中抗体阳转率和疫苗保护率。方法2000—2001年就诊者全程接种浓缩苗,2002—2003年的全程接种精制纯化(vero细胞)苗。严重致伤者,于0、3天接种加倍量疫苗,并于0天的同时,对其伤口周围用抗狂犬病血清(40IU/kg)进行浸润注射。联合使用抗血清者,完成全程5次注射后第15、75天各加强1针疫苗。接种结束后15—20天,以间接混合酶标法检测血清中抗狂犬病病毒抗体。期内经疫情报告系统,收集当年观察人群狂犬病病例,计算两接种组人群的发病率,并分别与当年未接种疫苗的动物致伤人群比较,以估算疫苗保护率。结果4年中该人群抗体总阳性率为95.60%。接种精制纯化苗组的阳性率为96.37%,高于浓缩苗组的94.83%。狂犬病疫苗保护率,精制苗1年和2年的均为100.00%;浓缩苗1年的为95.46%,2年、3年和4年的为90.91%。结论动物致伤人群规范处理局部伤口后,及时全程接种狂犬病疫苗,其抗体阳性率较高。国产精制纯化苗接种人群的抗体阳性率和1~2年的疫苗保护率高于浓缩苗。从我国狂犬病防治工作实际出发,提示国产精制纯化苗需尽快降低成本,以巩固和提高其接种率。
Objective To observe the animals were injured in the treatment, respectively, full and sufficient doses of two rabies vaccine inoculation, the serum antibody positive rate and vaccine protection rate. Methods The patients in 2000-2001 were vaccinated with concentrated seedlings and the whole plantlets of purified and purified vero cells were inoculated during 2002-2003. Seriously injured individuals received an additional dose of vaccine on days 0 and 3 and were infiltrated with anti-rabies serum (40 IU / kg) around their wounds at 0 days. Combination of anti-serum, to complete the entire five injections after 15,75 days to strengthen the 1-dose vaccine. 15-20 days after inoculation, serum anti-rabies antibody was detected by indirect mixed enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. During the period, the epidemic reporting system was used to collect the rabies cases observed in the same year and calculate the incidence of the two vaccinated groups. The vaccine coverage rates were compared with those of unvaccinated animals in that year respectively. Results The total positive rate of antibody in this population was 95.60% at 4 years. The positive rate of inoculation purified purification seedlings was 96.37%, higher than 94.83% of the concentrated seedlings. Rabies vaccination rate was 100.00% at 1 year and 2 years respectively. 95.46% of the concentrated seedlings in one year and 90.91% at 2, 3 and 4 years. Conclusion After the animal-injured population regulated the treatment of local wounds, rabies vaccine was vaccinated in a timely manner and its antibody positive rate was high. Domestic purified purified vaccine inoculated population antibody positive rate and 1 to 2 years of vaccine protection rate is higher than the concentrated seedlings. Based on the actual situation of rabies prevention and control in our country, it is suggested that domestic purified purified vaccine should reduce costs as soon as possible so as to consolidate and improve its vaccination rate.