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绪论:植物神经手术(交感神经切除)的成功,以及很多材料证明,改变植物神经节变的功能状态,可以治疗各种内脏疾病。神经节阻滞剂之所以成功地用于临床治疗,正是由于它能暂时地减弱或阻断植物神经节内的冲动传导。早在在1889年即已发现烟硷能抑制神经节的冲动传导,但由于它的毒性大,选择性作用不强以及它作用的双相性(先兴奋而后抑制)而不能用于临床。直到1946年四乙基铵才首次用于治疗。由于对四乙基铵的化学结构及其类似化合物的系统研究,目前已找到很多有效的神经节阻滞剂。使神经节阻滞剂在很短时间内在现代药疗中已占有稳固的地位。
INTRODUCTION: The success of autonomic nerve surgery (sympathectomy), as well as many materials, has shown that changing the functional status of autonomic ganglia can treat various visceral conditions. The reason that ganglionic blockers are successfully used in clinical treatment is that they temporarily reduce or block impulse conduction in the autonomic ganglion. As early as 1889, nicotine was found to inhibit the impulse conduction of the ganglion but not for clinical use because of its toxicity, its poor selectivity and its biphasic (first excited and then inhibited) effects. Tetraethylammonium was not used for the first time until 1946. Due to the systematic study of the chemical structure of tetraethylammonium and its analogous compounds, many effective ganglionic blockers have been found so far. So that ganglion blockers in a very short period of time in modern medicine has occupied a solid position.