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目的掌握巴彦淖尔市5岁以下儿童死亡情况,分析死因构成及变化趋势,为政府部门制定有效干预措施提供依据,以降低5岁以下儿童死亡率。方法对2011-2016年巴彦淖尔市5岁以下儿童死亡监测资料进行统计分析。结果 6年间5岁以下儿童死亡率、婴儿死亡率、新生儿死亡率总体呈下降趋势,新生儿死亡占5岁以下儿童死亡的76.40%。主要前五位死因顺位依次为:早产低出生体重、其他先天异常、出生窒息、先天性心脏病(先心病)、其他新生儿病,占全部5岁以下儿童死亡的74.80%。1~4岁儿童意外伤害死亡占该年龄组儿童死亡的33.33%。结论做好孕期保健管理,重视高危孕产妇筛查转诊,加强围产期监护,预防早产,降低出生缺陷发生率;减少儿童意外伤害的发生,可有效降低5岁以下儿童死亡率,提高出生人口素质。
Objective To understand the death of children under 5 years of age in Bayannur and to analyze the composition and the trend of the causes of death, so as to provide the basis for government departments to formulate effective interventions to reduce the mortality rate of children under 5 years of age. Methods The data of death monitoring of children under 5 years of age in Bayannao’er from 2011 to 2016 were analyzed. Results The mortality rate, infant mortality rate and neonatal mortality rate among children under five years old decreased gradually in the past six years. The proportion of neonatal deaths accounted for 76.40% of the total deaths of children under five years old. The main top five causes of death were as follows: premature birth, low birth weight, other congenital anomalies, birth asphyxia, congenital heart disease (CHD) and other neonatal diseases, accounting for 74.80% of all children under 5 years of age. The accidental deaths of children aged 1-4 years accounted for 33.33% of the deaths of children in this age group. Conclusions Good pregnancy health management, attention to high-risk screening of pregnant women screening, strengthen perinatal care, prevent premature birth, reduce the incidence of birth defects; reduce the incidence of accidental injury in children, can effectively reduce the mortality rate of children under 5 years and increase birth Population quality.