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为了阐明酒精中毒对神经系统损害的机理，用新生CD大鼠酒精中毒模型及原代培养的神经小胶质细胞作为研究对象，用RT－PCR的方法测定酒精中霉对脑组织及体外培养细胞中IL－1α基因水平的改变作用。结果显示：酒精持续染毒11d后，大脑皮层、小脑、海马、纹状体及丘脑组织中的IL－1α基因表达都有不同程度的增加，其中海马增加程度最为明显，是对照组的2．5倍；酒精对基底神经节组织IL－1α基因表达无影响。酒精也使体外培养的小胶质细胞在染毒24h后IL－1α基因表达量开始升高，72h达到高的。体内及体外实验均表明：酒精中毒时IL－1α的基因表达水平增加，继而调控神经和免疫功能，并可能在酒们导致的大脑神经损伤中起重要的作用。
In order to clarify the mechanism of alcohol poisoning on the nervous system damage, neonatal CD rat alcoholism model and primary cultured microglia cells as the research object, RT-PCR method determination of alcohol in the brain tissue and cultured cells IL-1α gene level in the role of change. The results showed that the expression of IL-1α gene in cerebral cortex, cerebellum, hippocampus, striatum and thalamus increased with different degrees after alcohol exposure for 11 days. The most obvious increase was in hippocampus, which was the control group. 5 times; alcohol had no effect on IL-1α gene expression in basal ganglia. Alcohol also makes microglia cultured in vitro 24h after exposure to IL-1α gene expression began to rise, reached a high 72h. In vivo and in vitro experiments have shown that: IL-1α gene expression increased in alcoholism, and then regulate nerve and immune function, and may play an important role in alcohol-induced brain damage in the brain.