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本文运用金相分析、扫描电镜和显微硬度等方法对不锈钢餐刀热辊锻模具的失效特征进行了分析。观察发现:该模具在服役过程中工作表面上出现二种不同的表面损伤:即因高温接触疲劳引起的拉毛和塌陷以及因热疲劳引起的龟裂。二者不仅形貌不同且它们在纵断面上诱发的裂纹走向也各异。分析表明,造成该模具早期失效的主要原因是由于接触疲劳引起的表面损伤。由此可认为:提高模具表面层的热强性及塑性形变抗力是提高该辊锻模寿命的关键。本试验结果证实了采用合适的化学热处理确能显著提高3Cr2W8V热辊锻模的使用寿命。
In this paper, the failure characteristics of stainless steel hot-forging die were analyzed by means of metallographic analysis, scanning electron microscopy and micro-hardness test. It was observed that two different types of surface damage were observed on the work surface of the mold during service: hair-pinning and collapse due to high-temperature contact fatigue and cracking due to thermal fatigue. The two are not only different in appearance but also induce different crack propagation in the longitudinal section. The analysis shows that the main cause of early failure of the mold is surface damage due to contact fatigue. It can be considered: to improve the mold surface layer of thermal strength and plastic deformation resistance is to improve the life of the roll forging die key. The results of this experiment confirm that using a suitable chemical heat treatment can significantly improve the service life of 3Cr2W8V hot roll forging die.