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咬合接触的生物力特性对于咀嚼功能是否得以正常发挥有非常重要的意义。无论在静态(例如:最大牙尖交错时的咬合接触)还是在动态咬合(例如:咀嚼运动中的咬合接触)时,尖窝关系都是上下牙之间的经典的咬合接触关系。最大牙尖交错位时多向倾斜的牙尖斜面将所承受的咬合力向多个方向分散,从而避免个别牙出现应力集中现象。咀嚼运动中下颌从工作侧运动到最大牙尖交错位、再到非工作侧,该运动的途径以及运动过程中的咬合接触主要由上颌牙的面形态决定。咬合接触的紧密程度与咀嚼肌的收缩活动情况密切相关。为采集可重复性的、由面形态所决定的静态咬合和动态咬合接触信息时,建议对最大紧咬和最大范围咀嚼运动的相关指标进行检测。总之在功能性正常咬合的概念中,除经典的正中关系/正中、组牙功能/尖牙保护等的内容外,还应包括静态/动态咬合中尖窝接触关系的生物力特征等内容。
The biomechanical properties of occlusal contact are very important for the proper functioning of chewing function. Whether in static (eg, occlusal contact at maximal cusp) or in dynamic occlusion (eg, occlusal contact during mastication), the cusp relationship is the classic occlusal contact relationship between the upper and lower teeth. When the maximum cusp staggered bit multi-directional inclined cusp inclined to the bite force to be dispersed in many directions, so as to avoid stress concentration of individual teeth. During the chewing exercise, the mandible moves from the working side to the maximal cusp position and then to the non-working side. The path of the exercise and the occlusal contact during exercise are mainly determined by the facial morphology of the maxillary teeth. The closeness of occlusal contact is closely related to the contraction of masticatory muscles. In order to collect reproducible static occlusion and dynamic occlusal contact information determined by surface morphology, it is advisable to detect the relevant indicators of maximal clenching and maximal range of chewing movements. In short, in the concept of functional normal occlusion, in addition to the contents of classic orthosis / orthodontics, dental occlusion / canine protection, etc., the biomechanical characteristics of the contact between the vertebral fossa in static / dynamic occlusion should be included.