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目的分析2014年深圳市福田区登革热疫情流行病学特征,探讨预防控制措施。方法对各医院报告的福田区病例进行流行病学个案调查,采集病例血液样本开展血清学或病原学检测,并划定疫点进行蚊媒调查和病例搜索。结果深圳市福田区2014年报告登革热病例87例,发病率6.52/10万,无死亡病例;发病高峰出现在10月份,当月气温徘徊在25~30℃,适宜白纹伊蚊生长;男女性别比为1:0.47;发病年龄最小13岁,最大67岁,以青壮年为主。全区有2个暴发点,病毒型别主要为登革热Ⅰ型。疫情发生时布雷图指数最高达140。结论深圳市福田区存在登革热流行的基本条件,疫情存在着明显的季节性、人群对登革热普遍易感等特征。有效控制疾病传播媒介白纹伊蚊是控制疫情的根本措施,疫情的早发现早报告也是有效控制措施之一。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of Dengue Fever in Futian District of Shenzhen in 2014 and to explore preventive and control measures. Methods Epidemiological case investigation was conducted in Futian District reported by various hospitals. Blood samples were collected to carry out serological or etiological tests, and mosquito vectors were surveyed and case-searched. Results A total of 87 cases of dengue fever were reported in Futian District of Shenzhen in 2014, with an incidence rate of 6.52 / 100 000 and no deaths. The peak incidence peaked in October and the monthly temperature hovered between 25 and 30 ℃, which was suitable for Aedes albopictus growth. 1: 0.47; the youngest age of 13 years old, maximum 67 years old, mainly young adults. There are two outbreaks in the region, the main type of virus is dengue type Ⅰ. The Bretton index is up to 140 when an outbreak occurs. Conclusion The prevalence of dengue fever in Futian District of Shenzhen City is very low. There are obvious seasonal epidemics and the population is generally susceptible to dengue fever. Effective control of the disease vector Aedes albopictus is the fundamental measure to control the outbreak and the early detection and early report of the outbreak is also one of the effective control measures.