病毒可能经过垂直传播使病毒遗传物质进入胚胎使胚胎在子宫内不易着床或精子卵子不易结合形成正常受精卵,病毒也可经子宫、胎盘、产道等进入胎儿体内导致流产、死胎或发生严重的出生缺陷;男性病毒感染主要通过影响精子数量、活性、活动能力等使精子质量下降而导致不育.本文对可能与男女不育不孕有关的病毒就病毒种类、致病机制、临床检测作一综述.“,”The genetic material of a virus may enter an embryo by vertical transmission of the virus,causing the embryo to have difficulty implanting in the uterus or hampering the sperm and oocyte from forming a normal zygote.A virus can also cause an abortion,death of the fetus,or severe birth defects by entering the fetus through the uterus,placenta,or birth canal.Viruses cause infertility in men mainly by affecting the sperm count,viability,and motility.This paper reviews types of viruses,their mechanisms of pathogenesis,and their clinical detection in relation to infertility in men and women.