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对工程可行的大型行波堆堆芯概念设计和核燃料优化设计进行分析,并对行波堆的运行、控制进行研究。分析结果表明,行波堆的固有安全特性能够有效地保证其运行安全。优化设计可实现从开始启堆就得到展平的径向中子注量率分布,并随着行波的燃烧自动调整为更为平坦的平衡态分布;行波堆长期燃烧的状态可通过堆芯优化设计先行设定,启堆时与平衡态之间的偏离通过燃烧自动纠正。燃料组件的结构优化,能够显著改善中心通道与边、角通道之间的流量分配,能够在温度反馈的基础上,通过主动调节反应堆冷却剂泵的转速,进而改变冷却剂流量以实现功率控制。但是,仅依靠主泵的流量控制还无法实现对15%额定功率(PN)至100%PN的功率调节。甩负荷工况下需要A组停堆控制棒的参与。
The conceptual design of large-scale traveling-wave reactor core and the optimal design of nuclear fuel are analyzed, and the operation and control of the traveling-wave reactor are studied. The analysis results show that the inherent safety characteristics of traveling wave reactor can effectively ensure its operation safety. The optimized design can obtain radial flattened neutron fluence rate distribution from start-up, and automatically adjust to a more even equilibrium state distribution with the combustion of traveling wave. The long-term combustion state of traveling wave reactor can be controlled by stack Core optimization design first set, start-up and equilibrium between the deviation automatically corrected by combustion. Structural optimization of the fuel assembly can significantly improve the flow distribution between the central channel and the side and corner channels, and can control the power of the reactor by actively adjusting the rotational speed of the reactor coolant pump based on the temperature feedback, thereby changing the coolant flow rate. However, power regulation of 15% of nominal power (PN) up to 100% of PN can not be achieved with only the main pump flow control. Load rejection requires a group A shutdown control rods involved.