广州市南沙区家庭生殖健康促进模式的探讨

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目的充分发挥广州市计生服务网络优势,探索建立以人口计生公共服务网络为主体、以医疗保健技术资源为支撑的家庭生殖健康促进模式的可行性。方法①在现有人口管理及服务网络基础上,采取知情同意原则,自2013年11月-2014年12月31日对广州市南沙区万安村、雁沙村育龄期(女方结婚至年龄<50岁)夫妇以及其胎、婴幼儿期(6岁前)儿童建立家庭纸质和电子档案及进行健康教育;②根据人群生殖健康处于不同阶段分别为其提供出生缺陷三级整体化干预服务、避孕节育技术服务、生殖保健全程管理与服务(包括女性LCT、HPV筛查、妇科检查及白带常规、妇科及乳腺B超;前列腺B超、性激素及PSA检测),筛查阳性家庭联合医疗服务机构提供咨询、转诊服务;③为具有生育功能障碍提供诊断和转诊服务。结果①出生缺陷三级整体化干预:参加孕前优生检查98个家庭中,有50个家庭筛查结果异常,优生咨询率为100.00%,已孕84个家庭中,早孕随访率为100.00%,唐氏筛查率为61.90%,高风险家庭2个,产前诊断为正常,B超重大畸形筛查率为66.67%,无高风险家庭,妊娠结局随访率为100.00%,2例自然流产,1例宫外孕,孕前及产前地贫筛查阳性率为10.08%,无地贫高风险家庭。②避孕节育落实措施率为100.00%,避孕节育定期随访率为100.00%,避孕节育并发症发生率为0.05%,并发症处理率100.00%,目标家庭年度人流与出生比为0.16%;生殖保健参与率为67.89%,接受生殖保健的645例女性中,生殖道感染114例,乳腺疾病225例,宫颈疾病20例,宫颈HPV阳性11例,其他疾病包括(子宫肌瘤或卵巢囊肿等)121例,接受生殖保健的60例男性中,包皮过长25例,精索静脉曲张4例,前列腺钙化12例,前列腺肥大6例,右侧阴囊肿物1例,生殖保健结果异常指导率及转诊率为100.00%。结论充分发挥三级网络优势,建立以家庭为单位,根据人群生殖健康处于不同阶段因地制宜地进行健康促进的模式存在可行性,为促进幸福家庭建设提供科学依据。 Objective To give full play to the advantages of Guangzhou family planning service network and explore the feasibility of establishing family reproductive health promotion mode supported by health care technical resources with population and family planning as the main service network. Methods ① On the basis of the current population management and service network, based on the principle of informed consent, from November 2013 to December 31, 2014, Year) couples and their children, infants and young children (6 years old) to establish a family of paper and electronic files and health education; (2) according to reproductive health at different stages of the population were provided birth defects three integrated intervention services, contraception Birth control services, reproductive health care management and services (including female LCT, HPV screening, gynecological examination and vaginal discharge routine, gynecology and breast ultrasound B, prostate ultrasound B, sex hormones and PSA testing), screening positive family united medical services provided Counseling, referral services; ③ provide diagnosis and referral services for having fertility dysfunction. Results ① The three levels of birth defects overall intervention: pre-pregnancy eugenics check 98 families, 50 families were abnormal screening results, eugenics counseling rate was 100.00%, pregnant 84 families, the early pregnancy follow-up rate was 100.00%, Tang Screening rate was 61.90%, 2 high-risk families, prenatal diagnosis was normal, B-type large abnormal deformity screening rate was 66.67%, no high-risk families, pregnancy outcome follow-up rate was 100.00%, 2 cases of spontaneous abortion, 1 Cases of ectopic pregnancy, pre-pregnancy and pre-thalamic screening positive rate of 10.08%, no high risk of thalassemia families. (2) The implementation rate of contraception was 100.00%, the regular follow-up rate of contraception was 100.00%, the incidence of complications of contraception and birth control was 0.05% and the rate of complication treatment was 100.00%, and the annual rate of birth to birth was 0.16% The rate was 67.89%. Of the 645 women who received reproductive health care, there were 114 reproductive tract infections, 225 breast diseases, 20 cervical diseases and 11 cervical HPV infections. Other diseases included 121 cases of uterine fibroids or ovarian cysts Among the 60 males who received reproductive health care, 25 cases had long foreskin, 4 cases of varicocele, 12 cases of prostatic calcification, 6 cases of prostatic hyperplasia, 1 case of right scrotal mass, abnormal guiding rate and referral of reproductive health outcomes The rate is 100.00%. Conclusion It is feasible to give full play to the advantages of three-level network and establish a family-based unit based on the model of population health promotion at different stages according to local conditions and to provide a scientific basis for promoting the construction of a happy family.
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