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目的调查北京市M区成人的高血压患病情况、认知及行为特征,分析高血压的主要风险因素,探讨高血压的管理策略。方法抽样调查M区9个乡镇4个街道的3 602例成人,包括调查问卷、血生化检测和体格测量,采用描述性分析总结高血压患病、认知及行为情况。结果男性的高血压患病率高于女性;年龄越大患病率越高;文化程度越低,患病率越高。危险饮酒、蔬菜水果摄入不足、睡眠时间小于6h和静坐时间大于10h是高血压患病的行为危险因素。结论 M区高血压患病率较高,需要依托社区加强对高血压防治知识的宣传,倡导控制饮酒量、增加蔬菜水果的摄入、保持合理睡眠时间和减少静坐时间。
Objective To investigate the prevalence, cognitive and behavioral characteristics of hypertension in adults in Beijing M District, analyze the main risk factors of hypertension and explore the management strategies of hypertension. Methods A total of 3 602 adults in 4 towns, 9 towns and 4 towns in M District were surveyed by questionnaire, including blood biochemical tests and physical measurements. Descriptive analysis was used to summarize the prevalence, cognition and behavior of hypertension. Results The prevalence of hypertension in males was higher than that in females; the older the prevalence was, the higher the prevalence was; the lower the education was, the higher the prevalence was. Dangerous drinking, inadequate intake of fruits and vegetables, sleep time less than 6h and meditation time greater than 10h is a risk factor for hypertension prevalence behavior. Conclusion The prevalence of hypertension is high in M district. It is necessary to rely on the community to intensify the publicity on knowledge of prevention and treatment of hypertension and advocate the control of alcohol consumption, increase the intake of fruits and vegetables, maintain reasonable sleep time and reduce the time for sitting.