Modern diets,which often feature high levels of fat and charcoal-grilled meat,contribute to the pathogenesis of obesity and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD),resulting in liver cancer progression.Benzo(a)pyrene (B[a]P) is a common environ-mental and foodborne pollutant found in smoke and fire-grilled foods,which can have an adverse effect on human health.Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth leading cause of cancer and the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide.The epidemiological studies suggest that both environmental risk factors and chronic liver injury including NAFL are important for HCC development,but the precise mechanisms linking eating habits to hepato-carcinogenesis remain unclear.In the present study,we demonstrated that various miRNAs in B[a]P-exposed tumor cells contribute to tumor metas-tasis,among which miR-650 could be the most potent inducer.Furthermore,we found that the suppressor of cytokine sig-naling 3 (SOCS3) is directly regulated by miR-650 and its suppression regulates the activation of the Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (JAK/STAT3) cascade.Our findings reveal a possible adverse outcome pathway of SOCS3/JAK/STAT3 regulation in B[a]P-induced HCC progress.These results provide a better understanding of the adverse effects of chronic exposure to B[a]P on human health.