论文部分内容阅读
美国氰化物公司开发了导入蝎毒基因的杆状病毒,并拟对此种生物农药进行野外试验。美国环境保护局(EPA)为此征求各方意见,提出书面意见的截止期为1996年4月22日。EPA随后将决定是否批准进行野外试验。这种重组病毒是在苜蓿银纹夜蛾核型多角体病毒(Autographa californica NPV,AcNPV)中,导入了北非蝎子(Adroctonus australis)的AaIT基因,使之能表达麻痹害虫的蛋白毒素。苜蓿银纹夜蛾核型多角体病毒原先是用来防治使棉花和蔬菜损失巨大的烟芽夜蛾(Heliothis virescen)和粉纹夜蛾(Trichoplusia ni)的。但是天然的杆状病毒作用慢,防虫效果差,使害虫停止取食到害虫死亡要经过4～5天。该公司为了缩短从感染到发挥杀虫效果的过程,把蝎毒素AaIT基因导入杆状病毒中,又把杆状病毒的egt基因去掉一部分。病毒重组后能刺激感染害虫取食,但是害虫的死亡时间提前了15%～30%。经双重基因操作的杆状病毒被命名为V8EGTDELAaIT,杀虫过程可望比天然杆状病毒大大缩短(最快能提前60%)。美国氰化物公司指出,AaIT毒素对昆虫有特异作用,所以对蜘
The United States Cyanide company has developed a baculovirus into the scorpion venom gene, and is intended to conduct field trials of such biological pesticides. The United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) solicited the views of all parties, written comments deadline for April 22, 1996. EPA will then decide whether to approve the field trial. The recombinant virus is introduced into the Autographa californica NPV (AcNPV) by introducing the AaIT gene of Adroctonus australis so that it can express the protein toxin of paralytic pests. Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus was originally used to control Heliothis virescen and Trichoplusia ni, which cause huge losses of cotton and vegetables. But the natural role of baculovirus slow, poor pest control, pests to stop eating pests to death after 4 to 5 days. The company introduced a scorpion toxin AaIT gene into the baculovirus in order to shorten the process of killing the insects from the infection and removed some of the baculovirus’s egt gene. After the virus reorganization can stimulate infected pests feeding, but the pest’s death time ahead of 15% to 30%. The double-gene-engineered baculovirus was named V8EGTDELAaIT and the insecticidal process is expected to be considerably shorter (up to 60% faster) than the natural baculovirus. US cyanide company pointed out that AaIT toxins have specific effects on insects, so the spider