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目的 了解HBV ,HCV ,HGV和TTV等 4种病毒在当前预防模式下的流行情况。方法 收集 9种人群共 616份的血清标本 ,采用EIA检测 4种病毒的抗原或抗体 ,PCR方法检测 4种病毒的核酸 ,并进行纵向与横向比较分析。结果 HBV ,HCV ,HGV和TTV在健康人群中均能检出 ,现行感染率分别为 13 3 % ,0 8% ,0 8%和 2 5 %。在献血员和骨髓移植供体人群中 ,未检出HBV现行感染和HCV感染。在其他各人群中 ,除血液透析患者外 ,HBV总感染率和现行感染率均约高于HCV ,HGV和TTV相应感染率的 5～ 2 0倍。 47 6%急性肝炎由HBV感染引起 ,未发现急性丙型肝炎患者。在有肝功能损害人群中 ,HBV为主要感染病毒 ,其次为HCV ,而HGV和TTV则主要表现为其他肝炎病毒重叠感染。结论 HBV感染仍是各人群中主要流行病毒和引起肝功能损害的主要病原体 ,是今后肝炎病毒感染防治的重点。
Objective To understand the prevalence of 4 viruses including HBV, HCV, HGV and TTV in the current prevention mode. Methods A total of 616 serum samples were collected from 9 populations. Antigen or antibody of four viruses were detected by EIA. The nucleic acids of four viruses were detected by PCR and compared longitudinally and transversely. Results HBV, HCV, HGV and TTV were all detected in healthy people. The prevalence rates were 13 3%, 0 8%, 0 8% and 25% respectively. In donors and bone marrow donor populations, no current HBV infection or HCV infection was detected. In all other groups, except for hemodialysis patients, the overall and current prevalence of HBV was about 5 to 20 times higher than that of HCV, HGV and TTV. 47.6% of acute hepatitis caused by HBV infection, no acute hepatitis C patients were found. In the population with impaired liver function, HBV is the predominant virus, followed by HCV, while HGV and TTV are predominantly superinfected with other hepatitis viruses. Conclusions HBV infection is still the major causative agent of the major epidemic virus and the cause of liver dysfunction in all the population, which is the focus of prevention and treatment of hepatitis virus infection in the future.