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膜蒸馏是近几年迅速发展起来的一种新型膜分离技术。当一个疏水的、微孔高分子膜把不同温度的水溶液分隔开时,由于膜的疏水性,膜两侧的水溶液都不能通过膜孔进入另一侧,但是由于暖侧的水蒸气压高于冷侧的水蒸气压,水蒸气就会通过膜孔从暖侧进入冷侧并在冷侧冷凝下来,如果两侧的温度差得以维持,暖侧的水会不断地被蒸到冷侧,这与常规蒸馏中的蒸发、传质、冷凝过程十分相似,所以称之为“膜蒸馏”。
Membrane distillation is a new type of membrane separation technology developed rapidly in recent years. When a hydrophobic microporous polymer membrane separates aqueous solutions of different temperatures, the aqueous solution on both sides of the membrane can not enter the other side through the membrane pores due to the hydrophobic nature of the membrane. However, due to the high water vapor pressure on the warm side On the cold side of the water vapor pressure, water vapor will pass through the membrane hole from the warm side into the cold side and condenses on the cold side, if both sides of the temperature difference is maintained, the warm side of the water will continue to be steamed to the cold side, This is very similar to the conventional evaporation, mass transfer, condensation process, so called “membrane distillation.”