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为计算气体在非稳态泄漏过程中的泄漏率,提高危害后果评估的量化水平,对压力容器失效后气体泄漏过程进行了研究。基于现有的初始泄漏率模型,结合实际泄漏过程中压力容器内各项状态参数的动态变化规律,构建气体非稳态泄漏模型,并通过计算实例进行分析和验证。结果表明,该模型可计算压力容器气体非稳态泄漏过程中(包括音速泄漏阶段和亚音速泄漏阶段)任意时刻容器内的各项状态参数值和孔口处气体的平均泄漏率;同时,对于储存压力较高(大于3.0 MPa)的容器,提出近似计算总平均泄漏率的2种简化方法。
In order to calculate the leakage rate of gas during unsteady leakage and improve the quantification of the hazard assessment, the gas leakage process after pressure vessel failure has been studied. Based on the existing initial leakage rate model, the unsteady gas leakage model was constructed based on the dynamic change of various state parameters in the pressure vessel during the actual leakage process. The calculation and analysis of the gas leakage were carried out. The results show that the model can calculate the state parameters of the container and the average gas leakage rate at any time during the unsteady gas leakage process of the pressure vessel (including the sonic velocity and subsonic velocity). At the same time, For vessels with higher storage pressures (> 3.0 MPa), two simplified approaches to approximate the calculation of the total average leakage rate are proposed.