在细菌学上,荚膜的存在常作为鉴定毒性的标准。许多学者曾经报道,荚膜能降低血清对大肠杆菌的杀伤作用,并能增加其抵抗吞噬的能力。同时还显示,抗荚膜抗体对于接种了荚膜型大肠杆菌的兔子和老鼠有保护作用。抗肺炎球菌的荚膜抗体对宿主有保护作用。Wikinson等也曾经报道由于荚膜型的金黄色葡萄球菌表面 Bacteriologically, the presence of capsules is often used as a criterion for identifying toxicity. Many scholars have reported that the capsule can reduce the killing effect of serum on E. coli and increase its ability to resist phagocytosis. It has also been shown that anti-capsular antibodies have protective effects on rabbits and mice inoculated with capsular Escherichia coli. Anti-pneumococcal capsular antibodies have a protective effect on the host. Wikinson et al. Have also reported on the surface of capsular Staphylococcus aureus