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根据2009—2012年南太平洋长鳍金枪鱼(Thunnus alalunga)延绳钓生产统计数据及遥感获取的海表温度(sea surface temperature,SST)、叶绿素a浓度(chlorophyll a concentration,Chl-a)和海面高度距平(sea surface height anomaly,SSHA)等环境数据,分析了长鳍金枪鱼单位捕捞努力量渔获量(catch per unit of fishing effort,CPUE)的时空分布及其与环境因子的相关性。结果表明:长鳍金枪鱼作业渔场主要集中在4°S—28°S、158°E—176°E附近海域;长鳍金枪鱼渔场CPUE呈明显的季节性变化,1—3月CPUE值较低(<12.5尾·千钩-1),随后逐渐增加,至7月达到最大值为18.1尾·千钩-1,而8—12月基本呈逐渐降低趋势;1月渔场重心位于16°S、168°E附近海域,2—3月向西北偏移,而在3—7月逐渐向东南方向转移,8月以后开始逐渐回撤至西北方向,在9—12月渔场重心变化幅度相对较小,主要位于15°S—16°S、168°E—169°E海域;总体来说,长鳍金枪鱼中心渔场最适SST为27.0~30.5℃,次适SST为20~24℃;最适叶绿素a浓度为0.02~0.08mg·m-3,最适海面高度距平为3~23 cm。
According to the statistics of longline production in the South Pacific long-necked albacore tuna (Thunnus alalunga) from 2009 to 2012, the sea surface temperature (SST), chlorophyll a concentration (Chl-a) and sea surface height The spatial and temporal distributions of catch per unit of fishing effort (CPUE) and their correlation with environmental factors were analyzed using environmental data such as sea surface height anomaly (SSHA). The results showed that the fishing grounds of albacore tuna mainly concentrated in the waters around 4 ° S-28 ° S and 158 ° E-176 ° E. The CPUE of albacore tuna showed a seasonal variation with a low CPUE value in January-March <12.5 tails per kilogram -1), and then gradually increased until July, reaching a maximum of 18.1 tails per kilogram -1, while the average was gradually decreasing from August to December. The fishing ground center of gravity was located at 16 ° S, 168 ° E. From February to March, it shifted to the northwest and gradually shifted to the southeast from March to July. After August, it started to gradually pull back to the northwest. The center of gravity of the fishing ground in September-December was relatively small, Mainly in the sea areas of 15 ° S-16 ° S and 168 ° E-169 ° E. Overall, the optimal SST of the fishing ground for albacore tuna was 27.0-30.5 ° C and the suitable SST was 20-24 ° C. The optimal chlorophyll a The concentration was 0.02 ~ 0.08 mg · m-3, and the optimum sea level anomaly was 3 ~ 23 cm.