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目的了解上海市闸北区麻疹流行病学特征,为加速控制和消除麻疹提供依据。方法对上海市闸北区1999-2008年麻疹疫情资料进行描述流行病学分析。结果1999～2008年闸北区麻疹发病185例,无死亡病例,平均年发病率2.31/10万;外来人口发病率是本区人口发病率的16.11倍;3～8月发病人数占总发病人数的78.92%;男女病例数之比为1.08∶1;<10岁儿童占总发病数的51.89%;≥20岁成人占总发病数的37.84%;本区人口发病以成人为主,≥20岁病例占56.14%,外来人口发病以儿童为主,<10岁占58.59%。无免疫史,免疫史不详者分别占总发病数的56.76%和28.65%。结论加强对外来人口的管理、提高麻疹疫苗及时接种率和2剂次免疫率是控制和消除麻疹的工作重点,同时应加强麻疹的监测,开展成人麻疹疫苗免疫接种工作。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of measles in Zhabei District of Shanghai and provide the basis for accelerating the control and eliminating measles. Methods Epidemiological analysis of measles epidemic data in Zhabei District of Shanghai from 1999 to 2008 was conducted. Results A total of 185 cases of measles were found in Zhabei District from 1999 to 2008. The average annual incidence rate was 2.31 / 100,000. The incidence rate of migrant population was 16.11 times that of the population in Zhabei District. The incidence rate of the measles from March to August was 78.92%; the ratio of male and female cases was 1.08:1; children aged <10 accounted for 51.89% of the total cases; Adults aged 20 and over accounted for 37.84% of the total cases; Accounting for 56.14%. The incidence of migrant children was mainly children, accounting for 58.59% of those <10 years old. No history of immunization, unknown history of immunization accounted for 56.76% and 28.65% of the total number of cases respectively. Conclusion To strengthen the management of migrant population, improve the timely immunization rate of measles vaccine and two doses of immunization rate is the focus of control and eliminate measles, and should strengthen the monitoring of measles and carry out immunization of adult measles vaccine.