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为了探讨马蹄形地下洞室围岩岩爆破坏过程与机理,以单轴抗压强度(σc)、脆性系数(K)与冲击能量指数(WB)为概化指标,通过物理模型材料的正交试验,选取了合适的具有岩爆倾向性的坚硬脆性岩体物理模型材料,制作了长800 mm×宽800 mm×厚200 mm的马蹄形洞室物理模型试件,并在岩土工程大型真三轴物理模型试验机上进行高应力条件下平面应变物理模型试验。试验结果表明:在高地应力条件下,马蹄形洞室坚硬脆性围岩岩爆破坏主要在洞壁围岩初始破坏裂纹产生后,在极短的时间与极窄的加载区间产生的破坏,破坏具有突发性;洞室围岩在发生岩爆破坏后,围岩应力要进行重新调整,在相对较长时间与加荷区间内围岩表现相对稳定。岩爆破坏过程的物理模拟结果与工程实际基本一致。
In order to investigate the process and mechanism of rock burst damage in the surrounding rock of horseshoe-shaped underground caverns, the uniaxial compressive strength (σc), brittleness coefficient (K) and impact energy index (WB) The physical models of hard brittle rock mass with the tendency of rockburst are chosen to make a physical model specimen of horseshoe-shaped cavern with a length of 800 mm, a width of 800 mm and a thickness of 200 mm. In the geotechnical large-scale true triaxial Physical model test machine under high stress plane strain physical model test. The test results show that under the conditions of high ground stress, the rock burst in the hard brittle surrounding rock in a horseshoe-shaped cave mainly occurs after the initial failure of the surrounding rock of the cave wall, resulting in the destruction in a very short time and a very narrow loading interval, The stress of the surrounding rock is readjusted to the rock mass after the rockburst is damaged in the surrounding rock of the cavern. Relatively stable rock mass appears in the surrounding rock during the relatively long time and the loading interval. The physical simulation results of rock burst process are basically the same as the engineering practice.