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目的描述北京市顺义区2006-2012年神经管缺陷(neural tube defects,NTDs)的流行病学特征,为NTDs的预防提供参考依据。方法利用顺义区的出生缺陷监测资料,描述NTDs及其亚型的患病率和变化趋势。结果2006-2012年顺义区NTDs患病率为12.6/104(监测时限为孕13周至产后7d),无脑畸形、脊柱裂、脑膨出的患病率依次为6.7/104、4.9/104、1.0/104。2006-2012年NTDs总患病率未见下降趋势,各亚型中脊柱裂患病率下降趋势有统计学意义(P<0.05)。户籍人口NTDs患病率(6.8/104)低于流动人口(20.0/104)(P<0.01)。结论 7年间顺义区NTDs患病率无趋势性变化,但脊柱裂患病率有下降趋势。顺义区还需进一步加强流动人口NTDs的预防。
Objective To describe the epidemiological characteristics of neural tube defects (NTDs) in Shunyi District of Beijing from 2006 to 2012, and to provide a reference for the prevention of NTDs. Methods The surveillance data of birth defects in Shunyi District were used to describe the prevalence and trend of NTDs and its subtypes. Results The prevalence of NTDs in Shunyi District from 2006 to 2012 was 12.6 / 104 (monitoring period from 13 weeks to 7 days postpartum). The prevalences of anencephaly, spina bifida and encephalocele were 6.7 / 104,4.9 / 104, The incidence of NTDs in all subtypes showed a significant decrease (P <0.05). The prevalence of NTDs in registered permanent residents (6.8 / 104) was lower than that in floating residents (20.0 / 104) (P <0.01). Conclusion The prevalence of NTDs in Shunyi District showed no trend change in 7 years, but the prevalence of spina bifida decreased. Shunyi District need to further strengthen the prevention of NTDs in floating population.