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为探明中间球海胆Strongylocentrotus intermedius(Si)与紫海胆Anthocidaris crassispina(Ac)种间杂交的受精、孵化和幼体发育规律,对中间球海胆和紫海胆进行种间杂交,检测了不同水温和精子种类对海胆受精卵卵径、受精率和孵化率的影响,并对自繁和杂交海胆幼体发育时间和体长进行了测定和比较。结果表明:受精前中间球海胆卵径(86.64μm±4.21μm)极显著小于紫海胆(95.62μm±3.80μm)(P<0.01);在21℃和24℃下,自交组Si♀×Si♂受精卵卵径显著或极显著大于杂交组Si♀×Ac♂(P<0.05或P<0.01),而杂交组Ac♀×Si♂和自交组Ac♀×Ac♂受精卵卵径则不受水温(24℃和26℃)的影响;相同温度下,种间杂交受精率均极显著低于自繁受精率(P<0.01),Si♀×Si♂组(或Si♀×Ac♂组)受精率在21℃和24℃下无显著性差异(P>0.05),而杂交组Ac♀×Si♂在26℃下的受精率极显著高于24℃下(分别为38.91%±8.25%和0.79%±1.11%)(P<0.01);杂交组Si♀×Ac♂在21℃下的孵化率(87.96%±4.18%)极显著低于自交组Si♀×Si♂(99.64%±0.81%)(P<0.01),而在24℃下,这两组海胆均不能孵化,杂交组Ac♀×Si♂在24℃下的孵化率(9.32%±4.33%)极显著低于自交组Ac♀×Ac♂(100%)(P<0.01),而在26℃下则不能孵化;Ac♀×Ac♂组和Ac♀×Si♂组在24℃下经5 d即可发育至八腕幼体,Si♀×Ac♂组在21℃下经9 d发育至八腕幼体,Si♀×Si♂在21℃下经12 d发育至八腕幼体。研究表明,杂交组Si♀×Ac♂适宜在24℃下受精,21℃下孵化,而杂交组Ac♀×Si♂则适宜在26℃下受精,24℃下孵化,杂交组Ac♀×Si♂可能更具备高温耐受能力,可作为耐高温品种培育的重点材料进行进一步研究。
In order to investigate the fertilization, hatching and larval development of strongylocentrotus intermedius (Si) and purple sea urchin (Anthocidaris crassispina (Ac)), interspecific hybridization was carried out between the sea urchin and the sea urchin, and different water temperatures and sperm types The effects of sea urchin fertilized egg size, fertilization rate and hatching rate on the developmental duration and body length of juvenile and hybrid sea urchin were measured and compared. The results showed that the egg diameter of sea urchin (86.64μm ± 4.21μm) was significantly lower than that of sea urchin (95.62μm ± 3.80μm) before fertilization (P <0.01); at 21 ℃ and 24 ℃, The egg diameter of ♂ fertilized eggs was significantly or extremely significantly greater than that of hybrids Si♀ × Ac♂ (P <0.05 or P <0.01), while the egg size of Ac♀ × Si♂ and Ac♀ × Ac♂ Under the influence of water temperature (24 ℃ and 26 ℃), the fertilization rate of interspecific hybridization was significantly lower than that of self-bred fertilization (P <0.01) at the same temperature. In the Si♀ × Si♂ group ) Fertilization rate had no significant difference between 21 ℃ and 24 ℃ (P> 0.05), while the fertilization rate of Ac♀ × Si♂ at 26 ℃ was significantly higher than that at 24 ℃ (38.91% ± 8.25% And 0.79% ± 1.11%, respectively) (P <0.01). The hatching rate of Si♀ × Ac♂ in hybridization group (87.96% ± 4.18%) at 21 ℃ was significantly lower than that in Si♀ × Si♂ (99.64% ± 0.81%) (P <0.01). However, at 24 ℃, both groups of sea urchins could not hatch. The hatching rate of Ac♀ × Si♂ in hybridization group (9.32% ± 4.33%) was significantly lower than that in selfed Group Ac♀ × Ac♂ (100%) (P <0.01), but could not hatch at 26 ℃; Ac♀ × Ac♂ group and Ac♀ × Si♂ group developed to 8 wrist Body, Si♀ × Ac♂ group were 9 d at 21 ℃ eight wrist larval development, Si♀ × Si♂ by eight carpal larval development 12 d at 21 ℃. The results showed that Si♀ × Ac♂ was suitable for fertilization at 24 ℃ and hatched at 21 ℃, while Ac♀ × Si♂♂ was suitable for fertilization at 26 ℃ and hatched at 24 ℃. Ac♀ × Si♂ May have more high temperature tolerance, can be used as a key material for breeding high temperature varieties for further study.