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蒸磷法是国内从泥磷中提取黄磷的最常用方法,但该方法常存在蒸磷釜局部氧化严重、设备腐蚀较快等问题。模拟泥磷中温蒸馏提取黄磷的腐蚀试验,分析了Q235钢、45钢和304不锈钢3种材料在泥磷水分蒸发(100℃)和黄磷提取(290℃)2个阶段中质量与时间、材料腐蚀速率与时间的关系。采用扫描电镜(SEM)对腐蚀较严重的45钢材料进行了微观形貌分析,并分别用能谱分析仪(EDS)和X射线衍射仪(XRD)对腐蚀产物成分及其相组成进行分析。结果表明:在100℃和290℃时,45钢的腐蚀速率最大,Q235钢次之,304不锈钢最小;45钢和Q235不锈钢100℃时腐蚀速率大于290℃时,而304不锈钢100℃时腐蚀速率小于290℃时。研究表明,304不锈钢的抗腐蚀能力最强,其次是Q235钢,而45钢抗腐蚀能力最弱。
Phosphorus method is the most commonly used method to extract yellow phosphorus from mud and phosphorus in China. However, there are some problems in this method, such as serious local oxidation of the phosphorus removal kettle and rapid corrosion of the equipment. The results showed that the quality and time of Q235, 45 and 304 stainless steel in the two phases of evaporation of water (100 ℃) and extraction (290 ℃) of phosphorus were analyzed. Relationship between material corrosion rate and time. The microstructure of 45 steel with severe corrosion was analyzed by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The composition and phase composition of corrosion products were analyzed by EDS and XRD respectively. The results show that the corrosion rate of 45 steel is the highest at 100 ℃ and 290 ℃, followed by Q235 steel and the smallest of 304 stainless steel. The corrosion rate of 45 steel and Q235 stainless steel at 100 ℃ is higher than 290 ℃, while the corrosion rate of 304 stainless steel at 100 ℃ When less than 290 ℃. The results show that the corrosion resistance of 304 stainless steel strongest, followed by Q235 steel, and 45 steel weakest corrosion resistance.